Countries such as Germany and the United Kingdom have enshrined climate goals into national law. What happens if they miss them?

Canadian wildfires recently turned the sky above New York City into a gloomy red. Particles in the air, however, have the beneficial side-effect of cooling planet earth down. Climate scientists are looking into them as an emergency measure.

Climate change is more than just a collective action problem. In some cases, geopolitical competition can even help reduce emissions.

So much attention has been paid to the US climate legislation, the Inflation Reduction Act, that the EU’s own, larger climate package has flown under the radar.